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1.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1399045

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El diagnóstico rápido y definitivo con identificación del patógeno es fundamental cuando hay una infección periprotésica. La secuenciación de próxima generación permite identificar el ADN en un germen determinado en poco tiempo. Hasta donde sabemos, no hay reportes sobre su empleo para el manejo de la infección periprotésica en Sudamérica. Nuestro objetivo fue demostrar la viabilidad diagnóstica de las muestras obtenidas de una serie de pacientes operados en Buenos Aires, Argentina, y analizadas con la técnica de secuenciación de próxima generación. materiales y métodos: Se analizó a una serie prospectiva de 20 pacientes sometidos a cirugía de revisión séptica y aséptica de cadera desde diciembre de 2019 hasta marzo de 2020. Se obtuvieron muestras intraoperatorias de líquido sinovial, tejido profundo y canal endomedular, que fueron enviadas para su análisis al laboratorio NexGen Microgen. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 17 pacientes, porque tenían una muestra apta para analizar. Los resultados se recibieron dentro de las 72 h de la cirugía. En un caso, el resultado de la secuenciación de próxima generación informó un germen distinto del identificado en los cultivos posoperatorios de partes blandas, esto permitió corregir la antibioticoterapia. En otro, esta técnica identificó Parabacteroides gordonii en una revisión aséptica, en otro, Morganella morganii, a partir de cultivos negativos en una revisión en un tiempo. Conclusión: Se demostró la viabilidad diagnóstica con la secuenciación de próxima generación, se pueden obtener resultados de microorganismos patógenos dentro de las 72 h posteriores a la cirugía en pacientes con infección periprotésica y cultivos negativos. Nivel de Evidencia: IV


Introduction: Early diagnosis of a periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) and identification of the pathogen are paramount. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) can identify the nucleic acids in a given germ in a short period. To our knowledge, there are no reports of its use in the management of PJI in South America. Our objective was to demonstrate the diagnostic feasibility of the NGS technique on the samples obtained from a series of patients operated on in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Materials and methods: A prospective series of 20 patients undergoing septic and aseptic hip revision surgery from December 2019 to March 2020 was analyzed. Intraoperative samples of synovial fluid, deep tissue, and intramedullary canal were obtained and sent to the NexGen Microgen laboratory (Texas, USA) for analysis. Results: Seventeen patients were finally eligible to present a sample suitable for analysis. In 100% of the samples, NGS results were obtained within 72 hours of surgery. In one case, the NGS result reported a germ different from the one identified in the postoperative soft tissue cultures, allowing antibiotic therapy to be corrected. In another case, NGS identified Parabacteroides gordonii in aseptic revision surgery. In another patient, the NGS identified Morganella morganii, in which conventional postoperative cultures were negative in single-stage revision surgery. Conclusion: In this study, we demonstrated the diagnostic feasibility of NGS, obtaining results within 72 hours immediately after surgery for pathogenic organisms in patients with PJI and negative cultures. Level of Evidence: IV


Subject(s)
Bacterial Infections , Prospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis , Sequence Analysis, RNA , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip , Hip Joint/pathology
2.
Acta ortop. mex ; 33(2): 127-135, mar.-abr. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248647

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Actualmente contamos con diversos métodos de laboratorio para el diagnóstico de las infecciones periprotésicas, algunos ampliamente probados y otros en estudio. Han aparecido nuevos biomarcadores después del Consenso de Filadelfia, por tal motivo, nos planteamos hacer una revisión acerca de qué hay de nuevo para su diagnóstico después del Consenso y cuáles podrían ser los más útiles para el trabajo clínico diario. Material y métodos: Se revisaron artículos publicados entre 2013-2017 en cinco revistas de alto impacto. Las variables fueron: tipo de biomarcador, cifras de corte, sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo, valor predictivo negativo, área bajo la curva, razón de momios diagnósticos y cocientes de probabilidad positivos y negativos. Se calificó nivel de evidencia. Resultados: Los resultados se agruparon en Tablas. Se encontraron 54 artículos, de los cuales 31 no se ajustaban a los criterios de inclusión y fueron excluidos; sólo se incluyeron 23. Se encontraron 19 biomarcadores, cinco de los cuales no habían sido reportados hasta antes de 2013: La α defensina sinovial 1, la β defensina humana 3, el lactato sinovial y los receptores tipo Toll 1 y Toll 6. Conclusión: Los biomarcadores que ofrecen mayor utilidad clínica para el diagnóstico de IAP son: la proteína C reactiva, la esterasa leucocitaria, la interleucina-6, la interleucina-1β, la α-defensina y la interleucina-17. Detectamos cinco nuevos marcadores. Los estudios analizados muestran heterogeneidad en sensibilidad, especificidad y en sus cifras de corte. En la mayoría no usan aplicaciones estadísticas avanzadas que los harían más confiables.


Abstract: We now have a great variety of laboratory diagnostic tools, for the detection of PJI, some of them widely used and others under study. After the Philadelphia Consensus, they have emerged some new biomarkers. Because of that, we consider useful to review which new biomarkers we have for the diagnosis of PJI after the Consensus and which of them could be more useful in daily clinic work. Material and methods: We searched for articles published from 2013 to 2017 in 5 high impact journals. The analized variables were: biomarker type, cutoff value, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, area under the curve, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio. We value their evidence level. Results: Results were grouped in Tables. They were found 54 articles, 31 of them didn't meet the inclusion criteria so they were excluded; 23 studies were included in the revision. We found a total of 19 biomarkers studies, 5 of them weren't reported before 2013: Sinovial α defensin 1, human β defensin-3, sinovial lactate and Toll-like receptors 1 and 6. Conclusion: Of all the markers reviewed for the diagnosis of PJI, C reactive protein, esterase test strip, interleukin-6, interleukin-1 β, α defensin and interleukin-17 show the highest diagnostic utility. We found 5 new markers. The articles studies show high heterogeneity in their reported sensitivity, specificity and cutoff values. In most of them were not used advanced statistical tools which could make them more reliable.


Subject(s)
Humans , Biomarkers/analysis , Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis , Synovial Fluid , alpha-Defensins/analysis , Consensus
3.
Acta ortop. mex ; 32(4): 198-202, Jul.-Aug. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1124094

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Antecedentes: La infección articular es un reto ortopédico por la complejidad diagnóstica y sus efectos devastadores al no tratarse oportunamente. Se cuenta con diversos estudios de diagnóstico: cultivo, VSG, PCR, conteo de leucocitos, entre otros, pero ninguno es preciso, tardan más de 30 minutos en realizarse y requieren una infraestructura compleja. En este estudio se determina la sensibilidad y especificidad de la esterasa leucocitaria para la detección de un proceso infeccioso articular en población mexicana. Material y métodos: de Noviembre de 2015 a Abril de 2016 se obtuvo líquido sinovial de pacientes con diagnóstico de infección articular con o sin implante y sin infección con patología degenerativa de rodilla. Se evaluó la muestra mediante el test de esterasa leucocitaria COMBI-SCREEN 11SYS con lectura colorimétrica a los dos minutos, determinando positivo para infección: dos cruces, el resto de la muestra fue enviado a cultivo. Resultados: Se aplicó el test a 64 muestras de líquido sinovial de rodilla, 19 diagnosticadas con infección articular y 45 sin infección. Se obtuvo una sensibilidad 100%, especificidad 88.24% VPP 68.42% y VPN 100%, índice de concordancia kappa 0.753 mediante el programa IBM SPSS Statistics 22, Python versión 2.7. Conclusiones: La esterasa leucocitaria es una prueba rápida, económica y eficaz para detectar un proceso infeccioso contra un proceso inflamatorio con alta probabilidad de acierto. Este estudio presentó un índice de concordancia kappa de 0.753, demostrando ser reproducible, por lo que se recomienda implementarse en los servicios de urgencias a nivel nacional.


Abstract: Background: The articular infection represents a challenge due to its complexity and its devastating effect when not treated promptly. We have various diagnostic studies: cultures, ESR, CRP, count of leukocytes, among others but none is specific, it takes more than 30 minutes to complete and require complex infrastructure. In this study we determine the sensitivity and specificity of the leukocyte esterase for detection of an infectious process joint in Mexican population. Material and methods: From November 2015 to April 2016 was obtained synovial fluid from patients with diagnosis of knee infection with or without implant and without infection with degenerative pathology of the knee. It assessed the sample through the COMBI-SCREEN 11SYS leukocyte esterase with reading colorimetric test at two minutes determining positive for infection: two crosses, the remainder of the sample was sent to culture. Results: We perform the test in 64 samples of synovial fluid of knee joint 19 diagnosed with infection and 45 without infection. Was obtained a sensitivity 100%, specificity of 88.24%, PPV 68.42% and PNV 100%, kappa index 0.753 using the program IBM SPSS Statistics 22, Python ver. 2.7. Conclusions: Leukocyte esterase is a fast, economical and effective to detect an infectious process against one inflammatory with high probability of success. This study showed an index of concordance 0.753 Kappa, proving to be reproducible so recommend be implemented in the emergency department at the national level.


Subject(s)
Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases/analysis , Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects , Biomarkers , Knee Joint
4.
Acta ortop. mex ; 30(6): 302-306, nov.-dic. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-949768

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Antecedentes: La infección articular es un reto ortopédico por su complejidad diagnóstica y efectos devastadores al no tratarse oportunamente. Contamos con diversos estudios de diagnóstico: cultivo, VSG, PCR, conteo de leucocitos, entre otros, pero ninguno es preciso, tardan más de 30 minutos en realizarse y requieren de infraestructura compleja. En este estudio determinamos la sensibilidad y especificidad de la esterasa leucocitaria para la detección de un proceso infeccioso articular en población mexicana. Material y métodos: Durante Noviembre de 2015 a Abril de 2016, se obtuvo líquido sinovial de pacientes con diagnóstico de infección articular con o sin implante, y de otros sin infección, con patología degenerativa de rodilla. Se evaluó la muestra mediante el test de esterasa leucocitaria COMBI-SCREEN 11SYS con lectura colorimétrica a los dos minutos; se determinó positivo para infección con dos cruces; el resto de la muestra fue enviado a cultivo. Resultados: Realizamos el test en 64 muestras de líquido sinovial de rodilla, 19 diagnosticadas con infección articular y 45 sin infección. Se obtuvo una sensibilidad de 100%, especificidad de 88.24%, VPP de 68.42% y VPN de 100%; índice de Kappa de .753. Conclusiones: La esterasa leucocitaria es una prueba eficaz para detectar un proceso infeccioso contra uno inflamatorio con alta probabilidad de acierto. Este estudio presentó un índice de concordancia Kappa de 0.753, con lo que demostró ser reproducible, por lo que recomendamos implementarlo en los servicios de urgencias a nivel nacional.


Abstract: Background: Articular infection is an orthopedic challenge due to its difficult diagnosis and devastating results. Various diagnostic studies exist: culture, ESR, CRP, count of leukocytes, among others, but none is specific, they all take more than 30 minutes to complete, and require complex infrastructure. In this study, we determine the sensitivity and specificity of the leukocyte esterase for detection of an infectious process joint in Mexican population. Material and methods: During November 2015 to April 2016, we obtained synovial fluid from two groups of patients: one with a diagnosis of synovial joint infection with or without implant, and the control group, without infection but with degenerative pathology of the knee. We evaluated the sample using the leukocyte esterase test COMBI-SCREEN 11SYS with colorimetric reading at two minutes; two crosses determined positive for infection; the remainder of the sample was sent for culture. Results: We performed the test in 64 samples of synovial fluid, 19 diagnosed with articular infection and 45 without it. We obtained a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 88.24%, PPV of 68.42%, and NPV of 100%; Kappa index of .753. Conclusions: Leukocyte esterase is an effective test to detect an infectious process against an inflammatory one with a high probability of success. This study presented an index of agreement Kappa of 0.753, proving to be reproducible.


Subject(s)
Humans , Synovial Fluid/chemistry , Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases/analysis , Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis , Biomarkers/analysis
5.
Acta ortop. bras ; 23(5): 239-243, Sep.-Oct. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-762864

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Comparar as taxas de sucesso das modalidadesterapêuticas utilizadas no tratamento de infecções associadas aartroplastia total de joelho (ATJ), e avaliar o desfecho funcionale de dor nas modalidades por meio de escores de qualidadede vida. Métodos: Avaliamos todos os indivíduos que desenvolveraminfecção após ATJ em nosso serviço, entre 1º de janeirode 2008 e 31 de dezembro de 2010. Resultados: Neste período,29 pacientes com ATJ tiveram infecção, e 12 deles foram submetidosa desbridamento e retenção da prótese (D+R), sete acirurgia de troca da prótese em dois estágios, seis a cirurgia emum estágio, e quatro receberam terapia antibiótica supressivapor não poderem ser submetidos a nova cirurgia. Conclusão: Astaxas de sucesso de D+R, da revisão em um, e em dois está-gios foi de 75%, 83,3% e 100%, respectivamente. Os melhoresresultados referente à qualidade de vida e função ocorreramnos pacientes submetidos a D+R. Em contraste, os piores resultadosforam observados em pacientes tratados com cirurgiade revisão em dois estágios. Nível de Evidência II, EstudosPrognósticos- Investigação do Efeito de Característica deum Paciente Sobre o Desfecho da Doença.


Objectives: To identify and compare the rate of success of therapeuticmodalities applied in surgeries for the treatment of infectionsassociated with total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and to evaluate thefunctional outcome and pain in different therapeutic modalities bymeans of quality of life scores. Methods: We evaluated all patientswho developed periprosthetic infection after TKA for primary orsecondary osteoarthritis, in the period from January 1st, 2008 toDecember 31st, 2010. Results: In the study period, 29 patients withTKA had infection, and 12 of these underwent debridement andretention of the prosthesis (D+R), seven received two-stage and sixone-stage exchange arthroplasties, and four patients were treatedwith suppressive antibiotic therapy because they could not undergoanother surgical procedure. Conclusion: The D+R , one-stagerevision and two-stage revision success rates were 75%, 83.3%,and 100%, respectively. The best results of quality of life (QoL) andfunction occur in patients undergoing D+R. In contrast, the worstQoL and functional results were obtained in patients treated withtwo-stage revision arthroplasty. Level of Evidence II, PrognosticStudies - Investigating the Effect of a Patient Characteristicon the Outcome of Disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee , Cohort Studies , Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis , Prosthesis-Related Infections/therapy , Knee Prosthesis , Risk Factors
6.
Rev. Asoc. Argent. Ortop. Traumatol ; 80(2): 94-103, jun. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-757162

ABSTRACT

Introducción: A pesar de las mejoras en la técnica quirúrgica en reemplazos totales de rodilla, el número de infecciones posquirúrgicas continúa en aumento. En la bibliografía mundial, está demostrado que las revisiones en dos tiempos logran mayores porcentajes de curación que las de un solo tiempo. El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar nuestra técnica de elaboración de los espaciadores estáticos y los resultados obtenidos con estos espaciadores en revisiones de reemplazos totales de rodillas infectadas, tratadas en dos tiempos y, además, evaluar la movilidad obtenida. Materiales y Métodos: De 1997 y 2010, en nuestro Centro, se efectuaron 153 revisiones de reemplazos totales de rodilla, 33 (21 %) fueron a causa de una infección periprotésica crónica, tratada en dos tiempos, con el uso de un espaciador estático de cemento con antibiótico. La serie estaba conformada por 33 rodillas en 32 pacientes, con un promedio de edad de 69 años y un seguimiento de 3.5 años. Resultados: Treinta (91%) de las 33 rodillas se curaron. Veintiocho fueron reimplantadas exitosamente, 2 rodillas con infección curada no fueron reimplantadas por distintos motivos y permanecieron con el espaciador en forma definitiva y la infección persistió en 3 casos. Las 28 rodillas reimplantadas evolucionaron favorablemente, con una movilidad de 90° a los 3.15 meses de posoperatorio promedio. Conclusiones: Con el empleo de espaciadores estáticos de rodilla, obtuvimos un porcentaje de curación similar al publicado con espaciadores articulados. La ventaja de los primeros es su fácil fabricación y colocación, le otorgan a la articulación una adecuada estabilidad y un aceptable rango de movilidad posoperatoria.


Background: Despite improvements in surgical technique, the number of infections after total knee arthroplasty continues to rise. According to bibliographic reviews, the two-stage exchange procedure has obtained higher percentages of cure than that performed in a single stage. The purpose of this paper was to show our technique for preparing the static spacer, the results and the range of motion achieved with two-stage revision of infected total knee arthroplasty using those spacers. Methods: We performed 153 total knee arthroplasty revisions between 1997 and 2010, 33 (21%) of them due to a prosthetic chronic infection, treated with a two-stage procedure with cement static spacer with antibiotic. We evaluated 33 total knee arthroplasties in 32 patients, with an average age of 69 years and an average postoperative follow-up of 3.5 years. Results: Healing was achieved in 30 (91%) of the 33 knees. Twenty-eight knees were successfully reimplanted, two with healing infection were not reimplanted for different reasons and 3 had persistent infection. The 28 reimplanted knees evolved favorably, achieving a range of motion of 90º in an average of 3 months after surgery. Conclusions: The static knee spacer achieved a similar healing rate to that obtained with articulated spacers. The advantage of static spacers is its easy manufacture and placement, giving greater stability and an acceptable range of motion.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects , Bone Cements , Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis , Follow-Up Studies , Range of Motion, Articular , Reoperation , Treatment Outcome
7.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 31(4): 473-476, ago. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-724818

ABSTRACT

Infection is the most serious complication of arthroplasty. It's a rare event usually caused by Staphylococcus spp. Prosthetic tuberculosis is rarely reported. We report the case of a 41 year-old patient who underwent a hip replacement for osteoarthritis and after multiple procedures an infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis was documented. We review the literature of previously reported cases.


La infección es la complicación más seria de una artroplastia. Es un evento poco frecuente, usualmente causado por especies de Staphylococcus. La tuberculosis protésica es una entidad poco habitual. Comunicamos el caso de una paciente de 41 años sometida a un reemplazo de cadera por una artrosis y después de múltiples procedimientos se documentó una infección por Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Realizamos una revisión de la literatura de los casos previamente reportados.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Hip Prosthesis/adverse effects , Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular/diagnosis , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Prosthesis-Related Infections/microbiology
8.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 18(2): 235-237, Mar-Apr/2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-709421

ABSTRACT

Mycobacterium neoaurum is a rare cause of bacteremia, and infection usually occurs in an immunocompromised host in the setting of an indwelling catheter. Prosthetic valve endocarditis due to non-tuberculous mycobacteria typically carries a dismal prognosis; we report a case ofM. neoaurum prosthetic valve endocarditis with favorable response to antimicrobial therapy without surgical intervention.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Endocarditis, Bacterial/microbiology , Heart Valve Prosthesis/microbiology , Mycobacterium Infections/microbiology , Mycobacterium/isolation & purification , Prosthesis-Related Infections/microbiology , Endocarditis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Mycobacterium Infections/diagnosis , Mycobacterium/classification , Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis
9.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 28(4): 414-420, dic. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-554882

ABSTRACT

La endocarditis en válvulas protésicas es aún tema de controversia, en especial en referencia al tipo de tratamiento que se debe elegir. Debido a que los conocimientos actuales sobre esta patología están basados principalmente en la literatura y por ende, en sus variados exponentes (experiencias clínicas, revisiones sistemáticas, guía clínicas de diferentes sociedades de cardiología, estudios observacionales, entre otros), es necesario hacer una actualización continua de la información. Esta revisión bibliográfica se centra en la incidencia, etiología, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la endocarditis protésica. En ella se llega la conclusión de que los principales microorganismos productores de esta patología son el Estafilococo aureus y el Estafilococo coagulasa-negativo. También se reconocen aquellos factores de riesgo para los cuales la cirugía es mandatoria, entre los que destacan las infecciones por S. aureus y la endocarditis protésica complicada, ya sea por insuficiencia cardíaca, alteración de la conducción, formación de abscesos y/o embolias recurrentes. De esta manera, con la información recopilada, se identificaron aquellos pacientes con opción a tratamiento médico, y aquellos con indicación de manejo quirúrgico. Para presentar mejor nuestras conclusiones, se construyeron esquemas de fácil consulta y lectura, para apoyar la decisión del tipo de manejo frente a una endocarditis en válvulas protésicas.


Prosthetic valve endocarditis is still a matter of controversy especially the type of treatment that should be chosen for an individual patient. Since the current knowledge of this pathology is based mainly on the literature and in its many and varied exponents (clinical experience, systematic review, practice guidelines of cardiology associations, observational studies, etc), it is necessary to update the information continuously This review is focused mainly in the incidence, etiology diagnostics and treatment of prosthetic endocarditis. The principal microroganisms related to this pathology are Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphyloccoco. Risk factors were identified for witch surgery is mandatory, such us Staphylococcus aureus infection and a complicated prosthetic valve endocarditis (cardiac failure, conduction abnormalities, abscess formation and recurrent embolism). With this information, patients that could have a medical treatment option can be recognized, as well as those who will require surgery. In order to present in a better way our conclusions, easily reading diagrams were included to facilitate the decision process when facing up a prosthetic valve endocarditis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Endocarditis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Endocarditis, Bacterial/therapy , Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis , Prosthesis-Related Infections/therapy , Heart Valve Prosthesis/adverse effects , Endocarditis, Bacterial/epidemiology , Endocarditis, Bacterial/etiology , Incidence , Prosthesis-Related Infections/epidemiology , Prosthesis-Related Infections/etiology , Prognosis , Risk Factors
11.
Acta ortop. bras ; 17(3): 144-148, 2009. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-520009

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: O objetivo do estudo é avaliar a utilização dos espaçadores de cimento acrílico com antibiótico no tratamento das infecções em endopróteses não convencionais de joelho. MÉTODO: Desde de 2004 foram tratados sete pacientes (seis pacientes operados no nosso serviço e um paciente que havia sido submetido a cirurgia primária do tumor em outro serviço) com infecção peri-endoprótese não convencional de joelho. Todos pacientes foram submetidos a retirada da endoprótese e reconstrução com espaçador com cimento acrílico com antibiótico. Todos os pacientes foram monitorados clínica e laboratorialmente quanto ao controle da evolução, sendo considerados aptos para a revisão e recolocação de endoprótese após 06 (seis) meses sem sinais infecciosos RESULTADOS: Notamos um discreto predomínio do do processo infeccioso nas próteses realizadas na tíbia proximal em comparação com o fêmur distal (57,1 por cento x 42,9 por cento). O seguimento médio dos pacientes foi 68,2 meses. Durante o seguimento, um paciente faleceu devido a doença de base. Dos sete pacientes, 6 foram considerados curados e um persistiu com sinais e sintomas de infecção. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados obtidos até o momento tem motivado a continuidade deste método de tratamento.


OBJCTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of cement spacers impregnated with antibiotics for the treatment of infections in the nonconventional endoprostheses of the knee. METHODOLOGY: We have treated seven patients since 2004 (of which six were submitted to surgery in our service and one patient had been submitted to a primary tumor surgery in another removal service) with deep infection in knee tumor prosthesis. All patients were submitted to endoprosthesis removal and reconstructed with antibiotic cement spacer. All patients were monitored both clinically and by lab tests as for monitoring the evolution, being considered able for reviews after 6 (six) months without infections signs. RESULTS: We have noted a small predominance of infectious processes on the prosthesis inserted on proximal tibia as compared with distal femur (57.1 percent x 42.9 percent). The mean follow-up time of patients was 68.2 months. During the follow up, one patient died as a result of the root disease. Six patients out of seven were regarded as cured and one persisted with infection signs and symptoms. CONCLUSION: The results obtained up to date have motivated us to continue using this method of treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Bone Cements , Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis , Prosthesis-Related Infections/therapy , Knee Prosthesis , Bone Neoplasms/surgery , Osteosarcoma , Brazil , Retrospective Studies
12.
Rev. colomb. ortop. traumatol ; 22(4)dic. 2008. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-638999

ABSTRACT

Introducción: en Estados Unidos se realizaron 200 000 reemplazos de cadera en el 2001, de los cuales 36 000 fueron cirugías de revisión. Es determinante detectar la presencia o no de infección en una cirugía de revisión para seleccionar el procedimiento quirúrgico más conveniente para el paciente. El cultivo intraoperatorio es el patrón de oro, pero es inoportuno para tomar decisiones intraoperatorias. La biopsia por congelación es un estudio histopatológico que ayuda a determinar infección durante el procedimiento quirúrgico. El objetivo fue determinar la sensibilidad, la especificidad, el valor predictivo positivo (VPP) y el valor predictivo negativo (VPN) de la biopsia por congelación frente al cultivo, en pacientes sometidos a cirugía de revisión de reemplazo total de cadera. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal de prueba diagnóstica. Se revisaron 61 historias clínicas de pacientes que requirieron cirugía de revisión de reemplazo total de cadera, realizada en la Clínica Reina Sofía entre los años 2004 y 2007. 58 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Se verificaron los resultados de la biopsia por congelación y gram y se compararon con el cultivo. Resultados: se encontró una sensibilidad de 64,2% (IC 95% 35-92), una especificidad de 65,9% (IC 95% 50,7-81,1), un VPP de 37,5% y un VPN de 85,2% para el diagnóstico de infección con la biopsia por congelación positiva mayor a 5 polimorfonucleares. Discusión: la biopsia por congelación debe ser tomada como uno de los criterios intraoperatorios en el diagnóstico de infección en la cirugía de revisión de reemplazo total de cadera.


Subject(s)
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip , Biopsy , Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis , Prosthesis Failure , Reoperation , Sensitivity and Specificity
13.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 33(1): 74-76, Jan.-Feb. 2007. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-447470

ABSTRACT

We present a case of a patient who underwent a late penile prosthesis implant using bovine pericardium as a complement to the tunica albuginea involved in intense fibrosis that destroyed the corpus cavernosum after an infectious manifestation. The advantages of using bovine pericardium in the substitution of the tunica albuginea are discussed and its first use as a penile prosthesis lining is reported.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Middle Aged , Cattle , Bioprosthesis , Penile Implantation/methods , Penile Prosthesis/microbiology , Pericardium/transplantation , Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis , Prosthesis-Related Infections/surgery , Reoperation
14.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 223-226, 2007.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-148961

ABSTRACT

We retrospectively reviewed the complete medical records of 30 patients with a diagnosis of liver cirrhosis who had undergone hip arthroplasty at three academic institutions between October 1994 and May 2001. There were 26 males and 4 females with a mean age of 60 yr at index operation. Surgical procedures included 17 primary total hip arthroplasties (THA), 8 bipolar hemiarthroplasties, and 5 revision THAs. According to the Child-Pugh scoring system, 19 cirrhotic patients were categorized as class A, 9 as class B, and 2 as class C. Eight (26.7%) of the 30 patients had one or more perioperative complications. Of these, wound infection was the most common, with a rate of 10% (3 of 30 hips). Other perioperative complications included surgical site bleeding, coagulopathy, encephalopathy, gastrointestinal bleeding, pneumonia, and arrhythmia. Death occurred in 2 (6.7%) of the 30 patients; both were Child-Pugh's C cirrhotics. A higher Child-Pugh score (p=0.0001) and a high level of creatinine (p=0.0499) were associated with significantly increased perioperative complications or death. Our findings suggest that surgeons should be vigilant about perioperative complications in patients with advanced cirrhotic liver disease who undergo hip arthroplasty, albeit the mortality rates are relatively low in less severe cirrhotics.


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Male , Humans , Female , Adult , Adolescent , Surgical Wound Infection/diagnosis , Risk Factors , Risk Assessment/methods , Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects
15.
Korean Journal of Ophthalmology ; : 234-237, 2006.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-190547

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: We present a case of orbital abscess following porous orbital implant infection in a 73-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS: Just one month after a seemingly uncomplicated enucleation and porous polyethylene (Medpor(R)) orbital implant surgery, implant exposure developed with profuse pus discharge. The patient was unresponsive to implant removal and MRI confirmed the presence of an orbital pus pocket. Despite extirpation of the four rectus muscles, inflammatory granulation debridement and abscess drainage, another new pus pocket developed. RESULTS: After partial orbital exenteration, the wound finally healed well without any additional abscess formation. CONCLUSIONS: A patient who has risk factors for delayed wound healing must be examined thoroughly and extreme care such as exenteration must be taken if there is persistent infection.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis , Porosity , Orbital Implants/adverse effects , Orbital Diseases/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Follow-Up Studies , Eye Enucleation , Device Removal , Abscess/diagnosis
16.
Bol. Asoc. Méd. P. R ; 97(3,Pt.2): 168-177, Jul.-Sept. 2005.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-442769

ABSTRACT

Prosthetic valve infective endocarditis represents a defined pathological entity which follows an epidemiological and nosological pattern in accordance to an arbitrary classification. Chronologically it is divided into the entities of early and late prosthetic valve endocarditis, each with its own unique characteristics. The clinical features, complications and diagnosis do not vary much from native valve endocarditis. There are clear and precise indications to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of this entity which differ from native valve endocarditis


Subject(s)
Humans , Aortic Valve , Endocarditis, Bacterial/etiology , Mitral Valve , Prosthesis-Related Infections , Heart Valve Prosthesis/adverse effects , Antibiotic Prophylaxis , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Echocardiography , Echocardiography, Transesophageal , Electrocardiography , Endocarditis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Endocarditis, Bacterial/drug therapy , Endocarditis, Bacterial/microbiology , Endocarditis, Bacterial/surgery , Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis , Prosthesis-Related Infections/drug therapy , Prosthesis-Related Infections/microbiology , Prosthesis-Related Infections/surgery , Risk Factors , Time Factors
17.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 62 Suppl 2: 5-24, 2002.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1165102

ABSTRACT

Bone and joint infections are a group of complicated diseases with high morbidity. Emerging resistant microorganisms and the use of prosthetic devices have increased the difficulty in the medical treatment of patients. The purpose of these guidelines is to offer information on the management of bone and joint infections (post-invasive septic arthritis, chronic osteomyelitis and infected arthroplasty) produced by methicillin resistant staphylococci. They are oriented to physicians dedicated to internal medicine, infectious diseases, trauma and orthopedist surgeons as well as to everybody interested in this issue. The guidelines mainly point to the rational use of diagnostic methods and describe the new treatment modalities. A group of experts analyzed the different strategies for diagnosing and treating bone and joint infections due to methicillin resistant staphylococci and attempted at setting a level of evidence level and the strength of each recommendation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Staphylococcal Infections/therapy , Bone Diseases, Infectious/therapy , Methicillin Resistance , Joint Diseases/therapy , Osteomyelitis/diagnosis , Osteomyelitis/etiology , Osteomyelitis/therapy , Arthroplasty/adverse effects , Arthroscopy/adverse effects , Staphylococcal Infections/diagnosis , Bone Diseases, Infectious/diagnosis , Arthritis, Infectious/diagnosis , Arthritis, Infectious/etiology , Arthritis, Infectious/therapy , Chronic Disease , Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis , Prosthesis-Related Infections/therapy , Joint Diseases/diagnosis
19.
Rev. argent. radiol ; 63(3): 169-77, jul.-sept. 1999. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-248610

ABSTRACT

La instrumentación con implantes metálicos en cirugías de la columna vertebral se utiliza para brindar estabilidad, restaurar y mantener el aislamiento y limitar el movimiento de forma inmediata. La incidencia de infecciones postoperatorias luego de instrumentaciones raquídeas suele ser igual o superior al 6 por ciento en los grandes centros. La existencia de esta complicación requiere de la toma de decisiones clínico terapéuticas importantes, especialmente en infecciones profundas subaponeuróticas. La presencia de implantes metálicos dificulta ostensiblemente la utilidad de los métodos de diagnóstico por imágenes. El objetivo del trabajo es valorar el estado de la artrodesis raquídea posterior, la asimilación de los injertos óseos y los signos de infección ósea y periprotésica mediante tomografía computada en pacientes con implantes ferromagnéticos. Entre enero de 1991 y diciembre de 1997 (7 años) fueron efectuadas 128 cirugías raquídeas con instrumentaciones en 100 pacientes. En este grupo de pacientes se produjeron 7 infecciones raquídeas postoperatorias profundas, a los que se agregan 2 pacientes derivados de provincias vecinas. Los estudios por imágenes, el tratamiento y la evolución de los pacientes fue revisada en forma retrospectiva. El tratamiento en todos los pacientes consistió en drenajes y debridamientos repetidos. La extracción de los implantes se realizó en las infecciones cronificadas una vez instituidas las artrodesis. Nuestra conclusión más importante es: la tomografía computada puede definir el estado de las artrodesis y la asimilación de los injertos óseaos, así como también el compromiso infeccioso del hueso y de las partes blandas. Estos parámetros determinan la conducta quirúrgica más apropiada en este grupo de pacientes


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Spinal Fusion/adverse effects , Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis , Prostheses and Implants/adverse effects , Spine/pathology , Arthrodesis/adverse effects , Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Prosthesis-Related Infections/surgery , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Spine/surgery , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Bone Transplantation
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